A microphone is an input device in any project, it is used to convert sound waves into electric waves or input the audio into any device like a computer. It captures audio by converting sound waves into an electrical signal, which may be a digital or analog signal. This process can be implemented by a computer or other digital audio devices. The first electronic microphone was based on a liquid mechanism, which used a diaphragm that was connected to a current-charged needle in a diluted sulfuric acid solution.
It was not able to reproduce intelligible speech. Here regularly, microphones are designed on the basis of directionality, besides the type of device. Such as, Omnidirectional microphones are capable of picking up all sounds in an area, but it is unable to focus on a particular subject with background noise. Bidirectional, directional, and shotgun microphones are beneficial for an interview. However, two unidirectional devices can provide the same effect, as cardioid microphones. Here we design a simple mic circuit by using easily available components.
Hardware Required
| S.no | Component | Value | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Condenser Mic | – | 2 |
| 2. | Resistor | 10KΩ,100KΩ | 3,1 |
| 3. | Capacitor | 1uF | 3 |
| 4. | Transistor | 2N3904 | 1 |
| 5. | Connecting Wires | – | |
| 6. | Battery | 9V | 2 |
Simple MIC Circuit Diagram
Simple MIC Circuit With Pre-Amplifier
Working Explanation
Here as we can see that this circuit consists of simple components like a resistor and capacitor, here resistor is used to limit current and the capacitor is responsible for amplifier gain which you can connect with this circuit to amplify the signals. This simple condenser mic circuit is to convert the acoustic sound signal into an electric audio signal.
As the name suggests a preamplifier circuit pre-amplifies a very small signal to some specified level that can be further amplified by an attached power amplifier circuit. It basically acts like a buffer stage between the input small signal source and a power amplifier. A preamplifier is used in applications where the input signal is too small and a power amplifier is unable to detect this small signal without a preamplifier stage. This Simple mic circuit with a pre-amplifier circuit converts the acoustic sound wave into an electric audio wave suitable to interface with power audio amplifiers.
Applications
- It can be used for voice recording, voice recognition, computer gaming, and online chatting.
- It can record voice for singing, podcasts, and dictation.
