Introduction
Learning becomes easier when practically gets implemented. It makes it a person easy to understand things. So, to understand the frequency modulation we are here with the exciting project of Simple FM Transmitter that allows you to transmit the signal within 1 or 2 Km of range. Hence, the circuit works effectively in that range. Basically, frequency modulation transfers the data or information by varying the frequency of carrier waves.
The circuit can be created in different ways but for your understanding, we are creating the simplest circuit using one transistor. Thus, the circuit also requires some other external components which are easily available.
Hardware Components
The following components are required to make FM Transmitter Circuit
| S.no | Component | Value | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Ceramic Capacitor | 6.8pF, 47pF, 100nF | 1, 1, 1 |
| 2. | Resistor | 4.7KΩ, 100Ω | 1, 1 |
| 3. | Battery | 3 to 6V | 1 |
| 4. | Transistor | 2n2222 | 1 |
| 5. | Inductor | 212uH (5 turns of 15 gauge copper wire) | 1 |
| 6. | Micro-phone | – | 1 |
| 7. | Antenna | – | 1 |
2n2222 Pinout
For a detailed description of pinout, dimension features, and specifications download the datasheet of 2n2222
FM Transmitter Circuit
Working Explanation
To make the Simple FM Transmitter, we are using the condenser microphone that provides the audio signal. When the audio signal is from the microphone, it converts the signal into an electrical signal and then that signal penetrates the base of the transistor which increases the amplitude of the signal. Now to generate the carrier waves, we have created the tank circuit using a capacitor and coil. We have connected an antenna to send those carrier waves. The antenna is simply a piece of wire. Now you can hear the audio signal given to this circuit on any of the radios within the range of 1 or 2 Km.
Application and Uses
- Portable audio devices.
- In car radios, etc.
