1 Watt LED Dimmer Circuit

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In this DIY, we are demonstrating the project of a 1 Watt LED Dimmer Circuit. LED DIMMER has mainly been designed to generate variable voltage over a fixed voltage, using a PWM (pulse width modulation) circuit based on the 555 timer IC. Below is the form of PWM. First, consider a single circuit, as seen in the figure below, before constructing a 1-Watt LED dimmer circuit.

Hardware Components

The following components are required to make LED Dimmer Circuit

S. No	Component	Value	Qty
1	LED	1W	1
2	IC	NE555	1
3	Resistor	1K, 100R	1, 1
4	Darlington Transistor	TIP122	1
5	Capacitor	10nF or 22nF	1
6	Potentiometer	100K	1
7	Diode	IN4148	2

NE555 IC Pinout

For a detailed description of pinout, dimension features, and specifications download the datasheet of 555 Timer

TIP122 Pinout

For a detailed description of pinout, dimension features, and specifications download the datasheet of TIP122

LED Dimmer Circuit

Working Explanation

All PWM generation occurs due to the variations in the charge and discharge times of the device’s capacitor. Remember now that the pot is adjusted, and the resistance is split into 25 K on one side and 75 K on the other. The charge can now occur only through the resistance portion of 75 K due to diode D2 through the capacitor. 555 TIMER IC outputs are high during the charging time—the capacitor discharges when the capacitor charges to a potential.

Therefore, every time we adjust the potentiometer, we vary; PWM’s performance is different in on and off times.

Now, this PWM signal is fed into the transistor base to regulate the high current load. The effect is that, now that you can draw a maximum of 50 Hz, your human eye can not catch the framework, and so the light will be on for just eight. The light looks dim over the initial intensity of the human eye. The effect is that it is ON for 8ms, and the human eye can not catch the frame. Back then, it seems to be continuous. The purpose of the project is thus accomplished.