This project is of a super-sensitive vibration sensor (improved version). The purpose of this circuit is the same as a normal vibration sensor, to sense vibrations and activate the circuit and operate or control any AC/DC equipment connected with the relay switch at the output of this circuit. This improvised version is more sensitive than the previous one and also a power saver. There were some minor errors like the heating of transistors which is taken care of in this circuit.
Hardware Components
The following components are required to make a Sensitive Vibration Sensor Circuit
S.no | Component | Value | Qty |
---|---|---|---|
1. | Input Supply DC | 9-12V | 1 |
2. | PZT Sensor | – | 1 |
3. | Transistor | 2N4401, 2N3906 | 3, 1 |
4. | IC | NE555 Timer | 1 |
5. | Resistor | 1MΩ, 10KΩ, 1KΩ, 22KΩ, 470Ω | 3, 2, 3, 1, 1 |
6. | Electrolytic Capacitor | 220µF/25V | 1 |
7. | Relay | – | 1 |
8. | Diode | 1N4148 | 1 |
9. | LED | – | 1 |
10. | Variable Resistor | 1M | |
11. | Ceramic Capacitor | 0.1µF | 1 |
NE555 IC Pinout
For a detailed description of pinout, dimension features, and specifications download the datasheet of 555 Timer
2N4401 Pinout
For a detailed description of pinout, dimension features, and specifications download the datasheet of 2N4401
Sensitive Vibration Sensor Circuit
Working Explanation
The operating voltage of this circuit is 9 t0 12 volts. When there is any vibration on the surface where this circuit is located the piezoelectric sensor or PZT will detect it and convert them into an electrical signal that goes into the circuit. The transistors will be activated one by one and the third transistor will send a signal to the IC in this circuit. Now the IC will send a high signal from its output pin and the relay and the LED will be switched on. The consequent current of this circuit is 1.2mA at 12V DC. This circuit can be operated at lower voltages like 3, 5, or 6 volts and for these voltages, you have to replace the 555 timer IC with TLC555 which is a low voltage version of it. The sensitivity of the sensor is adjusted by the 1M variable resistor.
Applications and Uses
- Touch sensor
- Seismic sensor
- Knock sensor
- Seismic detection purposes