Simple Water Level Indicator – Electronics Projects

Liquid-level indication systems are cheap, durable & easy to design. They are essential in many facets of today’s industry, whether it be the lab of a small-scale chemist or reservoirs/water boilers of an industrial-scale operation. So, in today’s project, we are going to build a Simple Water Level Indicator using a configuration of BC337 NPN Transistors.

A Water level indicator is a simple electronic circuit that can indicate the level of any conductive liquid contained in a vessel such as a reservoir, overhead/underhead tank, or container. There are a number of electronic configurations available for achieving this function. here, we will be following a simple transistor-switching technique.

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2$ PCB Prototype

Hardware Components

You will need the following parts to build this project.

S.no	Component	Value	Qty
1	Water Level Indicator PCB	JLCPCB	1
2	NPN Transistor	BC337	5
3	Buzzer	5V	1
4	Resistor	1K	6
5	LED	5mm, Red/Green	6
6	Soldering Iron	45W – 65W	1
7	Soldering Wire with Flux	–	1
8	DC Battery	9V	1
9	Battery Clip	–	1
10	Jumper Wires	–	As per need

BC337 Pinout

Useful Steps

1) Solder the five BC547 transistors on the PCB board.

2) After that, solder the 1K resistors on the PCB board.

3) Solder all the LEDs on the PCB board.

4) After that, solder the 5V buzzer on the PCB board.

5) Solder the input terminal block connector on the PCB board.

6) After, that, solder the signal wires with the PCB board.

7) Power up and test the circuit using a 9V battery.

Circuit Diagram

Working Explanation

The working of this circuit is pretty simple, six terminals fashioned from the exposed end of wires are attached at appropriate heights in the vessel or reservoir (from the bottom level to the Overflow alarm). On filling the vessel with water via a pump, each LED glows with respect to the terminal in contact with the water, which sends a control signal to the base of each BC337. The resultant collector output triggers the LED to glow indicating the current level of the water in the vessel.

When the water reaches the top of the container & makes contact with the alarm terminal, it triggers the overflow indicator LED & the buzzer goes off.

Applications

• An important part of wide-scale industrial processes such as cooling tower water level control, life station switches, tsunami warning systems, irrigation control, fuel tank level gauging & sump pumps

Gerber File

You can download the Gerber file for the above schematic from the link given below: