7805 5Volt Regulator Circuit Diagram

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In this tutorial, we are going to make a “7805 5 Volt Regulator Circuit”.

As we know a regulated power supply is essential for several electronic devices due to the semiconductor material employed in them having a fixed rate of current as well as voltage. The device may get damaged if there is any deviation from the fixed rate. So, for this purpose, we need a regulated setup, the main part of any regulated setup is the regulator IC. One of the most commonly known regulators IC is the 7805 Voltage Regulator IC. It is a three-terminal linear voltage regulator IC with a fixed output voltage of 5V which is useful in a wide range of applications.

It can deliver up to 1.5 A of current (with heat sink), has both internal current limiting and thermal shutdown features, and requires very minimum external components to fully function. Currently, the 7805 Voltage Regulator IC is manufactured by Texas Instruments. Here the whole DC power supply setup can be designed with IC 7805 and 7805 IC circuit diagram gives you the typical circuit design and components required for a 5V DC power supply unit.

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Hardware Components

The following components are required to make 5V Regulator Circuit

S.no	Component	Value	Qty
1.	Step down transformer	0-9V AC / 1 amps	1
2.	Bridge Rectifier Module	1N4007	4
3.	Positive Regulator IC	7805	1
4.	Capacitor	47μF,10μF, 0.1μF	1,1,1

LM7805 Pinout

For a detailed description of pinout, dimension features, and specifications download the datasheet of LM7805

5V Regulator Circuit

Working Explanation

Before constructing the voltage regulator, we need to think about the circuit requirements for example Input Supply (Vin) available, Output Supply (Vout) requirement, current output, thermal protection, etc.., An illustration gives you a concept of the voltage regulator. We designed a 7805 IC circuit diagram to give fixed 5V DC at the output, you can choose different voltage rating IC (78XX) and corresponding input power source to get desired output voltage range. Initially, a Step-down transformer is taken and its primary is connected to the main supply and the secondary is connected to Bridge rectifier. The step-down transformer is used to reduce the AC supply voltage and then the Bridge rectifier module made up of diodes is used to convert AC into DC Supply. IC 7805 is connected according to the pin directions. The first important point to note is that the input voltage should always be greater than the output voltage (at least by 2.5V).

The input current and output current are almost identical. This means that when a 7.5V 1A supply is given at input, the output will be 5V 1A. The remaining power is dissipated as heat and hence a heat sink must be used with 7805 IC. At the output filter capacitor is used to remove the distortions. When we apply supply to this circuit, we can obtain regulated output (5) voltage with constant load current. IC 7805 Comes in different package sizes and we can choose depending on our circuit requirements.