In this tutorial, we are going to make a “230V AC Powered LED Circuit”. A dedicated LED AC-powered circuit provides an accurate constant current. As well as it will take care of the LED flickering issues, which are important parameters for proper LED drivers. However, the traditional LED lights or the LED bulbs available in the markets needs to be energy efficient. This is another reason to use a proper LED driver circuit, to accumulate all of the above things. Here a simple and low-cost solution for lighting is AC powered 230V LED circuit. In this circuit, the high bright white LEDs are connected to the AC power source, with the help of a few rectification components without any step-down transformers. Hence the cost of this circuit may little costly, but the output light is good.
Hardware Required
| S. o | Component | Value | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Polyester Capacitor | 0.47µF / 400V | 1 |
| 2. | Resistor | 470KΩ 1/4 Watt,120Ω/0.5W | 1,1,2 |
| 3 | Capacitor | 47µF/25V | 1 |
| 4. | Zener Diode | 16V/1 Watt | 1 |
| 5. | Diode | 1N4007 | 4 |
| 6. | Connecting Wires | – | – |
| 7. | LED | – | 5 |
Circuit Diagram
Polyester Capacitor
The Voltage dropping capacitor 0.47uF / 400V or 474k / 400V X-rated capacitor is a power line filter capacitor, mostly used to reduce the AC supply through the capacitive reactance property.
Working Explanation
As this is a transformerless circuit to glow up some LEDs. Therefore we have used a polyester capacitor (0.47µF / 400V) to step down the power supply. Then resistor 470KΩ 1/4 Watt and bridge rectifier components. Here barrier produced by these components, makes AC mains reduced to the lower level and converted into DC supply. 47µF/25V electrolytic capacitor at the output of the bridge rectifier filters the DC output, and the Zener diode 16V/1 watt regulates the DC output from the rectifier. Now five high bright white LEDs are connected in series and powered by the rectifier circuit.
When the power supply is given to this circuit, the resistor and polyester capacitor give a barrier to the ac mains and reduce to the lower level. Then the rectifier bridge converts this lower AC supply into DC. Which is further filtered by a capacitor, then the Zener diode regulates the DC output. Finally, the DC supply is given to the LED array. This circuit involves operating high voltage that can give a lethal shock, so handle it with extreme caution.
Applications
This circuit can be used for lighting systems.
